# Copyright (c) 2017 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
# All rights reserved.
#
# This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
# by Johnny C. Lam.
#
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
# are met:
# 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
#    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
# 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
#    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
#    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
#
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
# ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
# TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
# PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
# BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
# CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
# SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
# INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
# CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
# ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
# POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
#
# NAME
#	random.subr -- generate random number (badly)
#
# SYNOPSIS
#	task_random [-i [<seed>]]
#
#	echo $RANDOM
#
# DESCRIPTION
#	The task_random function sets RANDOM to a random integer from the
#	range 0..32767.  It should always be called before using the $RANDOM
#	value.  The seed can be explicitly set in order to ensure a
#	deterministic sequence of $RANDOM values.
#
#	The options are as follows:
#
#	-i <seed>
#		Explicitly initialize with a new seed.  If the seed is not
#		given, then a new seed is chosen based on the current time.
#
#	If the shell already has a built-in implementation for $RANDOM,
#	then the task_random function simply returns 0.
#
# RETURN VALUES
#	The task_random function returns 0 on success, and >0 if an error
#	occurs.
#
# ENVIRONMENT
#	The following variables are used if they are set:
#
#	AWK	The name or path to the awk(1) utility.
#
#	DATE	The name or path to the date(1) utility.
#
# EXAMPLE
#	for i in 1 2 3 4 5; do
#		task_random && echo $RANDOM
#	done
#
# BUGS
#	The pseudorandom number sequence will eventually enter a cycle of
#	length 209, so task_random should periodically reseeded if a long
#	sequence of random numbers is needed.
#

__task_random__="yes"
__task_random_init__="_random_init"

task_random()
{
	: ${AWK:=awk}
	: ${DATE:=date}

	local randomseed=
	local arg
	local OPTIND=1
	while getopts ":i:" arg "$@"; do
		case $arg in
		i)	randomseed=${OPTARG} ;;
		*)	return 127 ;;
		esac
	done
	shift $(( ${OPTIND} - 1 ))
	[ $# -eq 0 ] || return 127

	if [ -n "$__task_random_exists__" ]; then
		#
		# If the shell already has a $RANDOM implementation, then
		# setting RANDOM to a value initializes the seed for the
		# random sequence.
		#
		[ -z "$randomseed" ] || RANDOM=$randomseed
		return 0
	fi

	local randomseed_init=
	if [ -n "$randomseed" ]; then
		#
		# This function was called with an explicit seed, so the
		# next time this function is called without an argument,
		# a new seed must be generated.
		#
		randomseed_init="yes"
	elif [ -z "$randomseed_init" ]; then
		#
		# If a random seed has not been initialized, then set the
		# seed to the time prepended with 1 and appended with a
		# process PID.  This ensures the it is a number not
		# beginning with zero and that it differs between multiple
		# invocations of this function within a short span of time.
		#
		randomseed_init="yes"
		local randomseed_pid
		( : ) & randomseed_pid=$!
		wait $randomseed_pid
		randomseed=$( ${DATE} +"1%H%M%S$randomseed_pid" )
	else
		# A random seed was previously generated, so just use
		# $RANDOM as the next seed.
		#
		randomseed=$RANDOM
	fi

	# Use awk's rand() to generate random numbers; however, the PRNG
	# for awk needs to be seeded appropriately between invocations.
	#
	RANDOM=$( ${AWK} -v SEED=$randomseed -v RAND_MAX=32768 \
		  'BEGIN { srand(SEED); print int( RAND_MAX * rand() ) } ')
}

_random_init()
{
	# Test for the presence of a $RANDOM implementation when this file is
	# loaded, so that entropy is not wasted.
	#
	case $RANDOM in
	$RANDOM)
		__task_random_exists__= ;;
	*)	__task_random_exists__="yes" ;;
	esac
}

# Static variable for whether a builtin $RANDOM exists.
__task_random_exists__=